Male homosexuality is explicitly illegal and sodomy— defined as sexual intercourse between men —is punishable by up to two years in prison, with additional terms of two to five years in a labor camp possible, under the Criminal Code of Turkmenistan, Chapter 3; Article 135, section. In addition, the provisions of Article 19 of the code allow for increased penalties for repeat convictions, applying to any crime under the code. Prior to a 2019 amendment, the 1997 code's maximum term was two years.

Marriage is not recognized. However, it is implied to be illegal for male as male homosexuality is illegal.

No laws censoring LGBTQ+ issues

the Soviet 1972 law allowing legal sex change after undergoing sex reassignment surgery was never repealed

In 1983, transsexualism began to be professionally diagnosed in the Soviet Union, which allowed the prescription of hormone therapy.

there are no laws recognizing this.

Transsexual people who have undergone a formal gender change are protected against discrimination under labor law, including the protection of their privacy.

Article 7 of the Labor Code of July 1, 2009 and Art. 6 of the Employment Law of June 29, 2016, specify state guarantees regarding legal protection against all forms of discrimination, including those contained in Art. 17 1) within the scope of the obligation to inform, submitted to the National Employment Agency in order to monitor potential cases of discrimination, including on the basis of gender. Since 1972, pursuant to the MOH regulation and then pursuant to Art. 21 of the Civil Code of July 17, 1998, Transsexual people have the right to legally change their gender after undergoing gender reassignment surgery, which was confirmed in an official document of the Turkmen State Publishing Service in the field of medicine and health from 2012, which recognized Transsexualism as a problem under consideration in Turkmenistan, taking into account medical procedures based on ICD(1981, 1999). According to Law No. 519-V on information about private life and its protection of March 20, 2017, Transsexual people who have formally changed their official documents are protected against discrimination by employers.

Homosexuality is illegal there.

Article 57 of the Act on Civil Status Records specifies in point 1 that an application for adoptive adoption of a child should be submitted to the competent RYNÝ institution through a written application for state registration of the child's adoption, containing the decision of the voivode or a final court decision on the adoption of the child. Such an application may be submitted by an individual or a heterosexual couple.

The legal status regarding the service of homosexual and transgender people in Turkmenistan is unknown.

HIV test is required. There is no ban on blood donation by homosexuals in Turkmenistan.

The document of the Turkmenistan State Publishing Service in the field of medicine and health from 2012 recognizes Transsexualism as a medical problem under consideration in Turkmenistan, taking into account medical procedures based on the ICD (1981, 1999). Due to the functioning of exclusively state health care, the guidelines must be followed by all doctors.

Set age of 16 years for same sexual activity between women and for heterosexual sexual activity. However male same sexual activity is illegal